SARS-CoV-2 lineage dynamics

This webresource shows the epidemiological dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 lineages in individual countries/regions based on viral genome sequence data shared via GISAID. It identifies those that rise significantly in frequency over time. This analysis suggests lineages with a selective advantage to spread in the host population, but also those increasing in frequency due to other processes such as unrepresentative sampling, e.g. data biases towards certain areas, large clonal outbreaks or population bottlenecks. Information should therefore be interpreted in combination with epidemiological information and experimental evidence that amino acid changes observed in a certain lineage are likely to confer a selective advantage.

SARS-CoV-2 lineage dynamics by region

Data derived from GISAID and JHU CSSE COVID-19 Data. Country/Region-wise lineage analyses available for red-shaded countries/regions directly by clicking on the map area.

SARS-CoV-2 lineage composition across regions

Heatmap over country/region-wise SARS-CoV-2 lineage frequencies that were found to be significantly on the rise over time, which can indicate a selective advantage to spread in the host population (Methods), and are currently prevalent. Dark blue indicates a frequency of one, white a frequency of zero. Lineages are sorted from top to bottom by decreasing prevalence over all countries/regions. For further information about the utilized SARS-CoV-2 lineage names, which follow the Pangolin nomenclature, see the FAQ. Note that country/region-wise frequency coloring is for the previous month, to avoid inaccuracies due to low sample numbers for the current ones.